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Arrive Insightsâ„¢

May 2026 Freight Market Update

Table of Contents

Market Memo

From the Desk of David Spencer

Seasonal easing returned through the back half of April, but rates barely softened as elevated tender rejections continued pushing freight into the spot market. By month-end, it was clear that an elevated rate floor had been set heading into the peak summer shipping months.

As expected, capacity conditions tightened quickly as the market ramped up for CVSA Roadcheck Week. Tender rejection activity started climbing roughly a week ahead of the annual event as carriers pulled capacity off the road to mitigate inspection risk. In turn, the dry van rate per mile jumped by record-setting levels from May 5 to May 12, displaying a significantly sharper increase than the same period last year.

The lingering impacts of Roadcheck Week are now coming into focus, with the weeklong capacity event creating a backlog of freight that will take time to clear. That pent-up volume combined with accelerating produce and summer peak season demand is making capacity both difficult and expensive to source nationwide, and conditions will only grow tighter as pre- and post-Memorial Day volatility sets in over the coming weeks.

On the broader demand side, manufacturing activity, imports and consumer spending continue pointing toward relatively stable freight volumes through the summer months. That, along with mounting seasonal freight pressure and persistently elevated diesel prices, will continue forcing budget-strained shippers to lean on the spot market.

The next several weeks should provide the best test yet of how quickly supply can absorb the disruption as we progress through the 100 Days of Summer shipping season, and given the market’s response to Roadcheck Week amid existing supply-side challenges, a meaningful rate respite appears unlikely to arrive until at least after July Fourth.

Arrive Logistics VP of Market Intelligence David Spencer Headshot
David Spencer
VP of Market Intelligence

Key Takeaways

  • Truckload rates are following a traditional seasonal pattern, with an elevated response to disruptions. Roadcheck Week led to record-setting week-over-week rate increases.
  • Strong spot demand persists as routing guide challenges continue amid aging contract rates, leading to an increased need for spot utilization.
  • Capacity attrition has brought the supply-demand balance closer to equilibrium, increasing market volatility during disruptions.
  • Declining driver availability amid ongoing regulatory pressure continues to worsen structural capacity challenges and point to a higher-for-longer rate environment.
  • Equipment orders pulled back in April as carriers remained cautious following a strong first-quarter ordering cycle.
  • Spot rate volatility increased significantly during Roadcheck Week in May as near-record average fleet ages and elevated maintenance costs likely contributed to additional driver avoidance.
  • March import volumes were the fourth-highest on record despite remaining below recent-year levels.
  • April marked a fourth consecutive month of ISM Manufacturing Index expansion as new orders continued growing and just 19% of the sector’s GDP remained in contraction.
  • A resilient economy and steady consumer spending are helping stabilize freight volumes. Lingering inflationary pressure remains the largest risk to consumer-driven demand in 2026, especially with interest rates still elevated.

Truckload Demand

Looking Back

The demand environment remained relatively stable in April. Contract volumes softened, but much of that decline appeared tied to greater spot utilization amid routing guide disruption. Imports declined slightly yet remained historically elevated.

Looking Ahead

Imports should hold steady over the coming months as back-to-school and fall retail inventory preparation begins. With the 100 Days of Summer set to commence Memorial Day Weekend, produce volume, summer bottled beverage demand and Roadcheck-related backlogs should all support near-term freight activity.

Contract Load Accepted Volume, SONAR

Chart Notes
  • Accepted contract volumes trending near 2025 levels: FreightWaves SONAR data showed accepted contract volumes dipped briefly in mid-April before rebounding sharply toward month-end. Volumes then fell again heading into Roadcheck Week as market conditions tightened.

DAT Trendlines

Chart Notes
  • Spot market activity remains elevated: DAT data shows spot activity softened month-over-month in April as the market stabilized following March’s fuel-related disruption. However, the sustained positive year-over-year trend indicates continued reliance on the spot market as carriers navigate elevated fuel costs and ongoing routing guide disruptions.

Cass Freight Index Report

Chart Notes
  • Cass Freight Index shows continual seasonally adjusted growth in April: Cass reported that volumes were down 4.4% year-over-year following a 0.6% month-over-month seasonally adjusted increase in April, while the overall month-over-month decline slowed to 0.4% from 3%.

Cass Freight Index Shipments Forecast

Chart Notes
  • Risks apparent, but demand remains stable: Cass and ACT analysts indicated elevated fuel costs present recession risks, but industrial activity and private fleet downsizing continue to fuel for hire freight demand.

Descartes U.S. Container Import Volume

Chart Notes
  • Imports fall in April: Volumes declined month-over-month and remained down year-over-year. This deviates from recent seasonal patterns but looks similar to 2022 trends.

Inbound Ocean TEUs Volume Index, SONAR

Chart Notes
  • Import orders level out: SONAR data shows orders have stabilized following the post-Lunar New Year rebound and are following typical seasonal patterns while remaining above 2025 levels.

Manufacturing at a Glance, Manufacturing ISM

Chart Notes
  • Manufacturing expansion continues in April: The ISM Manufacturing Index expanded for the fourth consecutive month and at the same pace observed in March. Just 19% of the sector’s GDP contracted, with only 2% in strong contraction. New orders also increased, indicating continued industry investment and stronger demand for durable and nondurable manufactured goods, which are key green shoots for freight demand.

Truckload Supply

Looking Back

Capacity softened but remained sensitive through the back half of April. Conditions then tightened quickly in early May as carriers began sidelining trucks ahead of Roadcheck Week.

Looking Ahead

The impact of Roadcheck-related disruption is expected to create a multi-week normalization process as backlogged freight, out-of-position equipment and tightening seasonal demand all add pressure to an already strained supply market. Ongoing challenges like high operating costs, aging equipment and intensifying regulatory enforcement will also continue to weigh on capacity heading into the 100 Days of Summer.

Outbound Tender Reject Index, SONAR

Chart Notes
  • Rejections remain high: SONAR data shows tender rejections softened late in April before spiking in early May, a typical pattern associated with Roadcheck Week and the 100 Days of Summer. Rejection rates will likely see additional upward pressure through the end of Q2 as contracts face pressure from elevated rates.

Van Outbound Tender Rejection Index, SONAR

Chart Notes
  • Dry van tender rejections hit multi-year high: As Roadcheck Week came to a close, van rejections reached their highest level since 2022 at 16.14%, highlighting how sensitive shipper routing guides have become to disruptions.

Reefer Outbound Tender Rejection Index, SONAR

Chart Notes
  • Reefer tender rejections spike in line with produce and summer peak season: Rejection rates declined significantly through April to a new 2026 low of 13.34% before rapidly rising 4.75% during Roadcheck Week. Continued produce demand should fuel additional routing guide volatility through at least Q2.

Flatbed Outbound Tender Rejection Index, SONAR

Chart Notes
  • Flatbed tightness likely to persist: Increased manufacturing activity and freeze cleanup-related demand continue to tighten flatbed capacity heading into the peak construction season. Rejection rates hit a new 2026 high of nearly 56% in April before easing in early May, aside from a brief spike during Roadcheck Week.

Van Load-to-Truck Ratio

Reefer Load-to-Truck Ratio

Chart Notes
  • Load-to-truck ratios remain elevated: Equipment demand declined month-over-month but remains elevated compared to prior-year levels as carriers continue navigating aging equipment, elevated fuel costs and an evolving regulatory environment.

Flatbed Load-to-Truck Ratios

Chart Notes
  • Flatbed load-to-truck ratio movement: The flatbed load-to-truck ratio was down 5.5% month-over-month and up 124.1% year-over-year in April.

Morgan Stanley Dry Van ONLY Truckload Freight Index

Chart Notes
  • Dry van declines: Following March’s fuel-related disruption, dry van conditions deviated from typical seasonal patterns in early April before returning to a more normal decline ahead of Roadcheck Week.

Morgan Stanley Reefer Truckload Freight Index

  • Reefer remains historically tight: Reefer markets are tighter than any comparable period outside the pandemic disruption while still following seasonal trends.

Morgan Stanley Flatbed Truckload Freight Index

  • Flatbed capacity remains constrained: Flatbed markets are also tighter than any comparable period outside the pandemic disruption while continuing to track with seasonal patterns.

Carrier Revocations, New Carriers & Net Change in Carrier Population, FTR

Chart Notes
  • Carrier population growth continues: The carrier population posted a third consecutive month of growth and reached its highest level since June 2022 as the spot market remained attractive. With revocations declining, net carrier growth in April also reached its highest level since September 2022.

Class 8 Tractor Net Orders, ACT Research

Chart Notes
  • Tractor orders fall in April: ACT data shows Class 8 orders fell significantly to around 12,400 units in April, pushing typical seasonal ordering activity later than expected. While carriers still appear hesitant to expand fleets, elevated spot market activity could drive increased ordering through 2026 ahead of expected tractor cost increases in 2027.

Active Truck Utilization, FTR

Chart Notes
  • Truck utilization strengthens despite fuel costs: FTR’s utilization outlook dipped briefly in March as rising fuel costs constrained carriers, but quickly rebounded in April and continues trending upward.

Monthly Change in Trucking Jobs, FRED Economic Data

  • Employment shows signs of improvement: Following January’s significant revision, the trucking industry lost additional headcount in February and March before beginning to recover in April amid growing carrier confidence in the spot market. With the 2026 market outlook continuing to improve, carriers that invest now may be better positioned to capture additional market share.

U.S. Prime Age Class 8 Tractor Population, ACT Research

Chart Notes
  • Persistent declines in the tractor population expected: Class 8 tractor counts are down 36,900 units, or 1.6%, year-over-year. Elevated truckload rates are helping to improve order outlooks, but higher equipment costs tied to 2027 emissions standards continue making a return to fleet growth unlikely.

For-Hire Driver Availability Index, ACT Research

Chart Notes
  • ACT declares driver shortage: ACT has reported that continued declines in driver availability following weather-related disruptions signal a driver shortage. The ongoing regulatory environment is likely to contribute to additional scarcity, supporting a higher-for-longer rate outlook.

For-Hire Trucking Survey: Supply-Demand Balance, ACT Research

Chart Notes
  • Tightness persists: ACT believes persistent capacity constraints will drive prolonged tightness, even with an uneven demand forecast as the economy works through the effects of inflation and interest rates.

Enforcement Data – SONAR

  • Violations show continued enforcement: Overall violations and out-of-service violations remain consistently elevated despite a slight dip. We may see a rise in ELP and out-of-service violations as Roadcheck Week commences. Given the current sensitivity of the market, any additional increase in capacity exits will further disrupt supply and drive up prices.

U.S. Active Class 8 Tractor Population Average Age

  • Equipment age increases the risk of Roadcheck avoidance: The average age of tractors has reached its highest level in more than a decade at 6.3 years. As a result, this was likely a driver behind more capacity coming offline during Roadcheck Week as carriers looked to avoid potential inspection risk.

Truckload Rates

Looking Back

Rates largely held firm through the back half of April even as capacity softened. That stability quickly gave way to renewed volatility in early May, when truckload rates posted significant increases across all modes during the opening days of Roadcheck Week.

Looking Ahead

April and May rate movements suggest the market has established a new floor. Rates are expected to remain elevated as shippers work through Roadcheck-related backlogs while seasonal produce and summer freight demand continue ramping up in the coming weeks. Volatility and pricing pressure are likely to last through the 100 Days of Summer and into early Q3.

Truckstop Weekly National Average Spot Rates

Chart Notes
  • All-in rates increase across all modes: Through April, reefer and van rates softened while flatbed continued to rise. As May began, all-in rates across all modes rose leading into Roadcheck Week.

DAT Monthly Rate Trends

Chart Notes
  • Monthly spot rates increase across all modes: National average spot rates continued to climb in April and early May as rising fuel costs and seasonal capacity tightening took hold.

DAT Fuel Trends

Chart Notes
  • Diesel prices continue to climb: The ongoing conflict in the Middle East is keeping diesel fuel prices elevated. 

DAT Dry Van National Average RPM Spot vs. Contract

Chart Notes
  • Spot rates surge ahead of Roadcheck: After a brief late April lull in rate pressure, spot linehaul rates rose rapidly across all three modes in early May ahead of and during Roadcheck Week.

DAT Temp Controlled National Average RPM Spot vs. Contract

DAT Flatbed National Average RPM Spot vs. Contract

Chart Notes

  • Flatbed growth accelerates: Flatbed spot linehaul rates showed strong year-over-year growth of 21% in April and continue to gain momentum in May, rising another 28% month-to-date.

Economic Conditions

Looking Back

Economic activity remained steady through April. Manufacturing activity expanded again, with the PMI index holding flat while new orders accelerated and backlogs increased. Consumer spending also grew year-over-year while positive job growth pointed to broader labor market strength.

Looking Ahead

Current economic indicators suggest the demand environment should remain steady in the near term and receive a meaningful seasonal boost as shippers prepare for the Memorial Day push and start of the 100 Days of Summer.

Bank of America Total Card Spending, Bank of America Consumer Checkpoints

Chart Notes
  • Consumer spending grows again: Bank of America data shows that household spending, both including and excluding gasoline, continues to rise. Overall consumer spending remains strong and should continue supporting stable freight volumes.

The Employment Situation

  • Employment increases in April: The Bureau of Labor Statistics reported an increase of 115,000 jobs in April while the unemployment rate held steady at 4.3%. Most of the job growth was concentrated in freight-intensive sectors, signaling stronger freight demand ahead of summer.

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Arrive Logistics VP of Market Intelligence David Spencer Headshot

David Spencer,
VP of Market Intelligence

David Spencer is the Vice President of Market Intelligence at Arrive Logistics. David joined Arrive in 2017 after spending six years at AFN focused on business intelligence. His department provides critical market data and expert analysis to internal teams and publishes monthly market updates for shippers and carriers under the Arrive Insights banner.

Andrew Clarke, Board Chair,
Arrive Logistics and Global Critical Logistics

Andrew Clarke is Board Chairman for Global Critical and DCLI, Inc., and a board member for Arrive Logistics and Element Fleet Management Corp. His 20 years of global transportation and logistics experience include time as CFO of C.H. Robinson, CEO of Panther Expedited Services, Inc. and SVP and CFO roles at Forward Air Corporation.

Dean Croke,
Principal Analyst
at DAT Freight and Analytics

Dean Croke is a Market Analyst at DAT Solutions, where he focuses on freight market intelligence and data analytics. His 35 years of experience with data analytics, transportation, supply chain management, mining and insurance risk management include time as co-founder of FleetRisk Advisors and in a number of other high-level roles with FreightWaves, Spireon, Lancer Insurance, Omnitracs Analytics (formerly Qualcomm) and more.

Asanka Jayasuriya,
CTO and Partner at 8VC

Asanka Jayasuriya is the CTO at 8VC. He is an accomplished engineering and product leader with 20+ years of experience in the cloud. He has a strong background in enterprise SaaS, PLG products, infrastructure, and security. Notably, he served as CTO and SVP of Engineering at SailPoint, leading their successful transition to the cloud and successful exit event. He also held senior leadership roles at InVision, Atlassian, and Amazon, driving growth, operational excellence, and innovation. At 8VC, Asanka works with the entrepreneurs and leaders in our portfolio as a virtual CTO supporting their growth.

Chad Eichelberger,
President at Reliance Partners

Chad Eichelberger is the President of Reliance Partners. Since 2015, he’s leveraged his extensive experience in risk management, compliance, best practices and contracts to lead the company’s logistics and truck insurance strategy and operations. Chad was previously the President of Access America Transport, where he led the company from $8M to over $600M in revenue.

Barry Conlon,
CEO & Founder at Overhaul

Barry Conlon is the CEO and founder of Overhaul, the global leader in active supply chain risk management and intelligence. With a remarkable career spanning over 30 years in supply chain security, he is widely regarded as a trailblazer in modern-day supply chain security standards and best practices.

Tim Denoyer,
VP and Senior Analyst at ACT Research

As VP and Senior Analyst at ACT Research, Tim analyzes commercial vehicle demand and alternative powertrain development (i.e. electrification), and authors the ACT Freight Forecast, U.S. Rate and Volume Outlook. He previously spent fifteen years in equity research focused primarily on the transportation, machinery, and automotive industries, and co-founded leading equity research firm Wolfe Research.

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