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Arrive Insightsâ„¢

September 2026 Freight Market Update

Arrive Logistics VP of Market Intelligence David Spencer Headshot
David Spencer
VP of Market Intelligence
Joel Gullickson
Managing Editor

Table of Contents

Market Memo

From the Desk of David Spencer

Aside from a short-lived Labor Day disruption that reignited contract routing guide and rate volatility, freight market conditions changed little from August to September.

However, with the national average diesel price recently surging to an all-time high, fuel costs are adding rate pressure and tightening capacity nationwide, especially in areas where it has become particularly expensive for carriers to operate. Strong global demand for U.S. diesel is also pushing domestic refineries near full utilization as stockpiles continue to fall, which means prices may remain elevated for some time.

Outside of these pressures, contract reconfigurations and softer seasonal demand have improved routing guide performance, reduced spot utilization and helped pull rates back toward an elevated floor. Stronger pricing has yet to spark the kind of supply growth typically seen at this point in an inflationary cycle as carriers remain focused on replacing aging equipment and improving driver wages and benefits rather than expanding their fleets amid ongoing regulatory enforcement.

Demand has also remained resilient in several key areas. Data-center construction continues to drive strong freight activity, August imports reached the third-highest monthly total on record and early tariff refunds could spur retail inventory restocking ahead of potential new duties. At the same time, a weakening economic backdrop is increasing downside risk to demand as sticky inflation, rising interest rates and higher diesel costs threaten consumer spending power and could prolong the housing downturn.

With no major seasonal disruptions expected before Q4 peak, the market should remain relatively stable in the near term, but the lack of meaningful supply growth leaves it primed for another inflationary push when winter weather, holiday demand and capacity tightness take hold.

Read on for a deeper look at the demand, supply, rate and economic data shaping the road ahead.

David Spencer, VP of Market Intelligence

Key Takeaways

  • Tender rejections settled back near 13% after Labor Day as routing guide performance improved and spot utilization eased.
  • Spot equipment postings are at their lowest level in more than a decade, leaving little cushion if demand or disruptions pick up.
  • Class 8 orders fell to roughly 9,700 in August, and the average tractor age rose to 6.4 years. Both trends point to carriers replacing equipment rather than expanding fleets.
  • Linehaul rates have eased from summer highs. Record diesel prices, however, are still pushing all-in costs higher.
  • Demand remains mixed, with accepted volumes running 3% to 4% below 2025 levels in August while imports reached the third-highest monthly total on record.
  • Manufacturing expanded for an eighth straight month. AI and data-center investment also continues to support freight volumes.
  • Consumers are still spending, though persistent inflation, high borrowing costs and fuel prices remain risks to demand.

Truckload Demand

Looking Back

Truckload demand softened through August as accepted volumes and spot load postings continued to decline. However, imports reached the third-highest monthly total on record, and manufacturing stayed in expansion territory. Data-center activity also remained a source of strength, and tariff refunds may be supporting additional retail inventory restocking.

Looking Ahead

Demand should remain soft in the near term, with downside risk increasing as sticky inflation, rising interest rates and higher diesel costs weigh on the broader economic outlook. Data-center activity and potential inventory restocking still offer some upside, while a pullback following recent import front-loading could add further pressure later in the year.

DAT Trendlines

Chart Notes
  • Spot load postings continue to decline: DAT data shows postings fell 9.3% month-over-month in August but remained 35.3% above 2025 levels as spot utilization continued to ease from earlier-year highs.

ACT/DAT Spot Load Postings

  • Spot load postings decline again: ACT/DAT data shows postings fell for a second straight month in August as spot utilization continued to soften.

Cass Freight Index Report

Chart Notes
  • Cass Freight Index turns positive: August shipment volumes rose 2.1% year-over-year and 5.0% month-over-month on a seasonally adjusted basis, though the improvement reflects recent LTL strength more than a broad truckload recovery.

Cass Freight Index Shipments Forecast

Chart Notes
  • Outlook improves: ACT now expects shipment volumes to grow slightly over the next 12 to 18 months. While this is stronger than the last reading, it still points to only a modest recovery.

Inbound Ocean TEUs Volume Index, SONAR

Chart Notes
  • Import orders remain elevated: SONAR data shows orders leveled off near summer highs through August after surging in June and early July, meaning the expected seasonal pullback has yet to materialize.

Accepted SONAR Truckload Volume Index, SONAR

Chart Notes
  • Accepted truckload volumes continue to weaken: FreightWaves SONAR data shows accepted volumes continued a downward trend that began in late July, landing roughly 3% to 4% below 2025 levels in August.

Descartes U.S. Container Import Volume

Chart Notes
  • Container imports remain elevated: U.S. imports reached the third-highest monthly total on record at 2.6 million TEUs in August, up 3.8% from July and 3.3% year-over-year.

Tariff Refunds

  • Tariff refunds support restocking: Increased refunds following a February tariff ruling may have helped fuel a June pickup in import ordering, with businesses potentially reinvesting those funds ahead of possible new tariffs.

Manufacturing at a Glance, Manufacturing ISM

Chart Notes
  • Manufacturing slows but still expands: The ISM Manufacturing Index fell to 54.6 in August but remained in expansion territory for an eighth straight month.

Trucking Ton-Miles Index

Chart Notes
  • Ton-miles hold steady in July: The Trucking Ton-Miles Index from Jason Miller, Eli Broad Endowed Professor of Supply Chain Management at Michigan State University, rose 0.1% month-over-month on a seasonally adjusted basis and 1.2% year-over-year. AI-related capital investment remains the primary source of strength, leaving freight volumes vulnerable if that spending slows.

Truckload Supply

Looking Back

Capacity tightness eased from summer peak levels as routing guide performance improved and the Labor Day disruption faded quickly. Even so, the market remained tight as spot equipment postings reached their lowest level in more than a decade and carriers continued to prioritize equipment replacement over fleet expansion.

Looking Ahead

Current capacity levels should be enough to support near-term demand. However, with carrier challenges persisting and limited fleet growth on the horizon, holiday demand and winter weather could tighten capacity quickly and create significant volatility.

Truckload Rejection Index, SONAR

Chart Notes
  • Labor Day rejection spike fades quickly: SONAR data shows the index briefly climbed above 14% before returning to roughly 13% near its August floor.

Dry Van Truckload Rejection Index, SONAR

Chart Notes
  • Dry van tender rejections fall further: SONAR data shows van rejection rates dropped below 11% in September as summer contract reconfigurations continued to improve routing guide performance.

Reefer Truckload Rejection Index, SONAR

Chart Notes
  • Reefer tender rejections remain elevated: SONAR data shows rejection rates have settled near summer peak levels in the 18% to 21% range after Labor Day.

Flatbed Truckload Rejection Index, SONAR

Chart Notes
  • Flatbed rejection rates settle at an elevated floor: SONAR data shows rejection rates have eased as construction season slows but remain above prior-year levels.

ACT/DAT Spot Equipment Postings

Chart Notes
  • Spot equipment postings decline: ACT/DAT data shows levels have fallen to their lowest point in more than a decade. With fewer trucks available in the spot market, disruptions or demand spikes could quickly tighten conditions.

Van Load-to-Truck Ratio – DAT Freight & Analytics

Chart Notes
  • Van load-to-truck ratio eases slightly: The ratio declined in August but remained well above prior-year levels.

Flatbed Load-to-Truck Ratio – DAT Freight & Analytics

Chart Notes
  • Flatbed load-to-truck ratio continues to ease: The ratio moved lower again in August but remained elevated compared with the same month in prior years.

Reefer Load-to-Truck Ratio – DAT Freight & Analytics

Chart Notes
  • Reefer load-to-truck ratio ticks higher: The ratio increased in August and remained well above prior-year levels.

Morgan Stanley Dry Van Only Truckload Freight Index

Chart Notes
  • Dry van conditions remain historically tight: The Morgan Stanley Dry Van Index ticked higher ahead of Labor Day but is still well below its Q2 peak, reflecting typical seasonality rather than broader volatility.

Morgan Stanley Reefer Truckload Freight Index

  • Reefer conditions remain elevated: The Morgan Stanley Reefer Index held relatively steady through August and early September while continuing to track well above typical seasonal levels.

Morgan Stanley Flatbed Truckload Freight Index

  • Flatbed decline follows seasonal pattern: The Morgan Stanley Flatbed Index continued its typical post-summer decline but remains elevated and should stabilize near current levels through year-end.

Class 8 Tractor Net Orders, ACT Research

Chart Notes
  • Fleet expansion remains limited: ACT data shows Class 8 tractor orders fell to about 9,700 units in August from roughly 13,000 in July. Volumes remain near replacement levels as carriers stay focused on renewing aging equipment rather than expanding capacity.

Active Truck Utilization, FTR

Chart Notes
  • Q3 utilization outlook moves higher: FTR lifted its third-quarter forecast to 99% but still expects utilization to settle near 96% by mid-2027, well above the 10-year average near 92.5%. 

Monthly Change in Trucking Jobs, FRED Economic Data

  • Trucking employment posts strongest gain since April: The industry added 4,800 jobs in August. While a significant improvement from recent numbers, one month of growth is not enough to establish a sustained hiring trend.

U.S. Prime Age Class 8 Tractor Population, ACT Research

Chart Notes
  • Tractor population posts first increase in 20 months: ACT estimates the Class 8 fleet grew by 3,200 units in September to 1.685 million, its first monthly increase in nearly two years. Even so, the fleet remains 1.6% below year-ago levels, and one month is not enough to establish a broader expansion trend.

For-Hire Trucking Survey: Supply-Demand Balance, ACT Research

Chart Notes
  • Supply-demand gap narrows further: ACT’s index fell to 56.2 in August as freight volumes slowed. The shift aligns with improved capacity allocation following summer contract reconfigurations and points to softening after the summer peak.

ACT Driver Availability Index

  • Driver availability tightens slightly: ACT data suggests continued availability challenges are contributing to modest upward pressure on truckload rates.

U.S. Active Class 8 Tractor Population Average Age â€” ACT Research

  • Equipment age continues to rise: The average tractor age increased to 6.4 years, its highest level in more than a decade. As a result, fleet investment will likely continue prioritizing replacing older units before adding new capacity.

Truckload Rates

Looking Back

Spot linehaul rates moved lower from July into August as summer peak pressure faded and routing guide performance improved. Late-August and Labor Day disruptions briefly pushed van and reefer pricing higher, but those gains faded quickly, leaving September levels roughly in line with August and below summer peaks. Recent record diesel prices have also pushed all-in rates higher despite softer linehaul pricing.

Looking Ahead

Fuel volatility should continue to put upward pressure on all-in rates. However, linehaul rates should see limited movement from current levels in the near term, with strong routing guide compliance and softer demand limiting any sustained increases between now and the start of the Q4 holiday push.

Truckstop Weekly National Average Spot Rates

Chart Notes
  • Holiday disruption briefly lifts van and reefer rates: Truckstop data shows both increased around Brake Week and Labor Day but remain below summer highs. Flatbed continued to decline as peak season faded.

DAT Monthly Rate Trends

Chart Notes
  • Higher fuel costs lift all-in spot rates: DAT data shows September averages increased across van, reefer and flatbed despite lower linehaul rates, largely due to rising fuel surcharges.

DAT Monthly Fuel Trends

Chart Notes
  • Diesel prices reach record highs: The national average climbed to $6.285 per gallon, increasing carrier operating costs and contributing to higher all-in transportation rates.

DAT Dry Van National Average RPM Spot vs. Contract

Chart Notes
  • Dry van spot rates remain below summer highs: DAT data shows a brief increase around Brake Week and Labor Day before easing again.

DAT Temp Controlled National Average RPM Spot vs. Contract

Chart Notes

  • Reefer spot rates rebound around Labor Day: DAT data shows linehaul pricing rose more sharply around the holiday but remains below summer highs. 

DAT Flatbed National Average RPM Spot vs. Contract

Chart Notes

  • Flatbed spot rates decline further: Linehaul pricing is falling faster than typical seasonal patterns after significant gains earlier this year.

Economic Conditions

Looking Back

Consumer spending remained solid in August, while employment rebounded and unemployment held at 4.1%. Inflation was unchanged at 3.4%, and record diesel prices added cost pressure as global demand for U.S. diesel strained domestic supply.

Looking Ahead

Consumer spending and labor market conditions should be relatively stable in the near term, but persistent inflation and elevated borrowing costs could weigh on business investment and housing activity, both key drivers of freight demand. Diesel prices also remain a risk, with refinery utilization near full capacity and stockpiles continuing to fall.

Bank of America Total Card Spending, Bank of America Consumer Checkpoint

Chart Notes
  • Consumers remain resilient: Bank of America data shows total card spending per household rose 0.9% month-over-month and 4.5% year-over-year in August. Excluding gasoline, growth remained solid at 3.7%.

DAT Distillate Fuel Oil Stocks

  • Demand outpaces production: Diesel stockpiles have declined as global demand outpaces production due to Russian export bans and slowing exports through the Strait of Hormuz.

DAT Refinery Capacity Utilization

  • Domestic production nearing peak capacity: Global diesel shortages have increased demand for U.S. exports, pushing domestic refinery utilization near maximum capacity and signaling that elevated diesel prices could persist.

The Employment Situation

  • Employment rebounds in August: The Bureau of Labor Statistics reported 162,000 new jobs, while unemployment held at 4.1%. The stronger reading points to continued labor market stability after July’s decline.

Annual Change in C.P.I., The New York Times

  • Inflation holds steady: Annual inflation remained at 3.4% in August, keeping pressure on the Federal Reserve to raise interest rates and adding downside risk to demand.

Canadian Market Update

Looking Back

The Canada-U.S. tariff fight has escalated further. After U.S. tariffs of up to 50% on Canadian goods took effect in late August, Canada retaliated on September 8 with its own 15% to 50% tariffs on about $27.6 billion of U.S. goods. Cross-border volume has shifted in both directions as a result. Rates remained low through the slowdown, but recent spikes in diesel prices are driving significant day-to-day rate swings and prompting carriers to push for increases to cover the additional costs.

Looking Ahead

Volatility is expected to continue as rising fuel costs run up against soft freight demand. However, carrier-driven rate increases are likely to gain ground even without a volume recovery. The trade situation remains unsettled, so further tariff changes could shift the picture again, making a stable baseline unlikely in the near term.

Canadian Spot Market – Freight Index

Chart Notes
  • Load volumes hold steady amid shifting IB/OB dynamics: Loadlink data shows volumes were flat in August compared to July, but southbound volumes increased 45% and northbound volumes declined 29% month-over-month. Aggregate volumes across all lane types were up 63% year-over-year in August, signaling increased spot market utilization and tighter capacity conditions compared with a year ago.

Canadian Cross-Border Volume vs. Intra-Canada Volume

  • Cross-border gains market share: Cross-border loads accounted for 61% of total postings in August, up from 58% in July. Southbound lane volumes increased 45%, while northbound volumes declined 29%. Intra-Canada loads lost some share as volumes fell 7% month-over-month but remained 50% above year-ago levels.

Truck Crossings OB Canada

  • Canada-to-U.S. truck crossings remain stable: Preliminary August data shows a sharp increase in southbound truck crossings, though official data has yet to be released. April through July volumes were up 1.7% year-over-year after declining 10.5% in the first quarter, signaling an improving demand environment.

U.S. & Canada Dry Van Truckload Spot Rates

  • Canadian capacity tightens: ACT analysts noted that Canada is experiencing a stronger demand environment amid declining equipment availability, which should support cross-border and intra-Canada rates. However, capacity remains better balanced than in the U.S., and the impact on rates should be more limited.

Canadian Spot Market – Truck Index

  • Conditions tighten as truck postings decline: Loadlink reports truck postings remained 1% above year-ago levels despite a 4% month-over-month drop in August. Combined with stable load volumes, this tightened the supply-demand balance.

Outbound Tender Rejection Index, Canada

  • Outbound tender rejections remain elevated: Current levels continue to indicate southbound capacity challenges. At roughly 4%, rejections are trending higher than in recent years but have come down from early-year peaks.

Inbound Tender Rejection Index, Canada

  • Inbound tender rejections normalize: Inbound tender rejections have fallen below 3%, signaling easing capacity pressure on northbound shipments in line with softening northbound demand.

Canada Prime Age Class 8 Tractor Population

  • Tractor population contraction continues: According to ACT Research, the total tractor count is down 3.2% year-over-year in September, with full-year decline estimates of roughly 2.6% in 2026. Continued contraction will leave the market more vulnerable as capacity tightens into 2027.

Canadian Diesel Price per Liter

  • Canadian diesel prices rise: Prices soared well past the prior record to $2.75 CAD per liter in September. Smaller carriers exposed to the spot market will feel the largest financial burden, further tightening capacity and keeping all-in rates elevated.

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Matt Pyatt is the Chief Executive Officer of Arrive Logistics. He co-founded Arrive with President Eric Dunigan in 2014 after building his career at Command Transportation. As CEO, he is responsible for overseeing the company’s financial health, strategic vision and culture, as well as building a scalable leadership team to support Arrive’s growth.

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Arrive Logistics VP of Market Intelligence David Spencer Headshot

David Spencer,
VP of Market Intelligence

David Spencer is the Vice President of Market Intelligence at Arrive Logistics. David joined Arrive in 2017 after spending six years at AFN focused on business intelligence. His department provides critical market data and expert analysis to internal teams and publishes monthly market updates for shippers and carriers under the Arrive Insights banner.

Andrew Clarke, Board Chair,
Arrive Logistics and Global Critical Logistics

Andrew Clarke is Board Chairman for Global Critical and DCLI, Inc., and a board member for Arrive Logistics and Element Fleet Management Corp. His 20 years of global transportation and logistics experience include time as CFO of C.H. Robinson, CEO of Panther Expedited Services, Inc. and SVP and CFO roles at Forward Air Corporation.

Dean Croke,
Principal Analyst
at DAT Freight and Analytics

Dean Croke is a Market Analyst at DAT Solutions, where he focuses on freight market intelligence and data analytics. His 35 years of experience with data analytics, transportation, supply chain management, mining and insurance risk management include time as co-founder of FleetRisk Advisors and in a number of other high-level roles with FreightWaves, Spireon, Lancer Insurance, Omnitracs Analytics (formerly Qualcomm) and more.

Asanka Jayasuriya,
CTO and Partner at 8VC

Asanka Jayasuriya is the CTO at 8VC. He is an accomplished engineering and product leader with 20+ years of experience in the cloud. He has a strong background in enterprise SaaS, PLG products, infrastructure, and security. Notably, he served as CTO and SVP of Engineering at SailPoint, leading their successful transition to the cloud and successful exit event. He also held senior leadership roles at InVision, Atlassian, and Amazon, driving growth, operational excellence, and innovation. At 8VC, Asanka works with the entrepreneurs and leaders in our portfolio as a virtual CTO supporting their growth.

Chad Eichelberger,
President at Reliance Partners

Chad Eichelberger is the President of Reliance Partners. Since 2015, he’s leveraged his extensive experience in risk management, compliance, best practices and contracts to lead the company’s logistics and truck insurance strategy and operations. Chad was previously the President of Access America Transport, where he led the company from $8M to over $600M in revenue.

Barry Conlon,
CEO & Founder at Overhaul

Barry Conlon is the CEO and founder of Overhaul, the global leader in active supply chain risk management and intelligence. With a remarkable career spanning over 30 years in supply chain security, he is widely regarded as a trailblazer in modern-day supply chain security standards and best practices.

Tim Denoyer,
VP and Senior Analyst at ACT Research

As VP and Senior Analyst at ACT Research, Tim analyzes commercial vehicle demand and alternative powertrain development (i.e. electrification), and authors the ACT Freight Forecast, U.S. Rate and Volume Outlook. He previously spent fifteen years in equity research focused primarily on the transportation, machinery, and automotive industries, and co-founded leading equity research firm Wolfe Research.

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